The massive inflow of population into Mongolian capital city, Ulaanbaatar, now a home to half of the country’s population has been a hotspot for extremely high levels of air pollution for the past two decades. This is due to several causes, one of the most significant being the use of fossil fuels to heat the ger district during the winter times which get -40°C and below. As the raw coal consumption in the city reached 1 million tons in 2018, the negative impact on health of the citizens has increased dramatically. As Mongolian government, non-governmental organizations, and international organizations have undertaken several efforts to alleviate the air pollution situation in Ulaanbaatar, by focusing on fuels and combustion process. But due to poor insulating characteristics of buildings, and especially gers, these resolutions have not yielded success. Even though, improving energy efficiency of the buildings is one part of mitigation air pollution, it has considerable potential in the case of Mongolia. But a core challenge here is the lack of required knowledge and skills in those professionals who are needed at the forefront of combatting the nation’s pressing environmental problems, including scientists, engineers, and policy-makers. Therefore, universities play a key role in this context.